The Wealth Disparity Through The United States Essay

This paper provides insight, reasoning on the wealth disparity in the United States. After all, the social movements that have advocated over the years for equality. The wealth gap remains the same. It continues to be intertwined with politics and racism. Corporation increases the wealth disparity with their political agenda in mind. In the article, Race, Homeownership, and wealth by Shapiro Thomas defines wealth and income. Wealth defined as the total value of a family’s financial resources minus all debts† (Shapiro, 2014); Income â€Å"represent the following resources earned in a particular time† (Shapiro, 2014). The two definitions have two very different meanings, but there often misused. Wealth is vague and can refer to many aspects of a person and families total value white income is only a particular value. Shapiro argues how â€Å"Income and wealth are often confused both in the public mind and in the social science literature† (Shapiro, 2014) We alth and income carry an important purpose because it represents how society views a person who has wealth. An individual who obtains a significant amount of money it is believed because they earned a substantial amount of income. The reality is people who have wealth inherited because of their family. The majority of the one percenters are born into their wealth instead of working for it. The confusion of wealth and income creates a system that does not question individuals on the top of the social pyramid. The societyShow MoreRelatedThe Election Of Obama Into The Highest Political Office1728 Words   |  7 PagesObama into the highest political office may have created a great euphoria that the United States had moved past the racism that weighed heavily on the country’s history. Today, after the end of his two-term presidency, it is clear that this elation was substantially unfounded as racism is still an adverse reality that confronts minority groups in the society. The disenfranchisement of racial minorities in the United States is traceable to the onset of the institution of slavery, and its alleviation remainsRead MoreGender And Race Income Inequality1473 Words   |  6 Pagesbe on top and who is to be in the bottom. So, it comes to no surprise that America has a growing gap between the wealthy and everyone else. The United States is known as a melting pot and a country full of opportunities for all but it is also the place where upper class makes millions in an hour and the lower class only makes minimum wage. United States thrives on promoting everyone is created and treated equally but that happens not to be the case. Polls after polls shows a huge percentage of AmericansRead MoreEssay on Analysis of YouTube Video Wealth Inequality in America647 Words   |  3 PagesWealth inequality; its not a topic many people would choose to make a YouTube video about. However, earlier this year a video regarding this very topic went viral and received o ver 12 million views on YouTube. It is titled, Wealth Inequality in America, which was produced by the YouTube user Politizane. The issue of wealth inequality across the United States is well known, but this video shows you the magnitude of the disproportion in intense and illustrative manner. It uses charts to explain inRead MoreThe Black Disadvantage in the United States1655 Words   |  7 PagesThe Black Disadvantage in the United States Racial profiling, higher risks of incarceration, poverty, unemployment, more student debt; these are just some of the issues that African Americans face in the United States today. The statistical facts show that African Americans Face an uphill battle compared to White Americans. A good portion of the financial inequality that exists is due to the trickle down of white financial ancestral inheritance which was able to amass overtime unlike theRead MoreFinancial Literacy : Key For Creating And Sustaining Wealth For African Americans Essay1064 Words   |  5 PagesFinancial Literacy: Key to Creating and Sustaining Wealth for African Americans By Martin A. Smith | Submitted On August 21, 2013 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Martin A. Smith Legacy planningRead MorePublic Schooling And Public Education1497 Words   |  6 PagesWith the many diverse characteristics of the Unites States, perhaps the most troubling is the rising gap in the distribution of wealth. As the wealth gap in the United States rises exponentially, the gap in the quality of public schooling rises with it. For a country that prides itself in prestigious outlets of education, the system of public schooling seems to be miserably failing. Public education, a system that some fight to destroy while others fight to preserve, is perhaps the only source ofRead MoreThe Gilded Age And The Age Of Information1422 Words   |  6 Pageseconomic growth, there was tremendous wealth, but only for the wealthy. The â€Å"Second Gilded Age,† which some say was brought on as the Information Age, brings a level of inequality to America that has never been seen before. Experts believe that this shift could kill the American dream. The Gilded Age and the Age of Inf ormation are similar in terms of the vast economic inequality prevalent, the issues arising with immigration (both reform and influx), and the disparity between the political parties. VastRead MoreEssay on Affordable Housing Crisis1088 Words   |  5 PagesAffordable housing in the United States describes sheltering units with well-adjusted housing costs for those living on an average, median income. The phrase usually implies to applied rental or purchaser housing within the financial means of lower-income ranges specific to the demographics of any given area. However, affordable housing does not include those living in social housing owned by government and non-profit organizations. More specifically, the targeted range for housing affordabilityRead MoreWhat Is A Racially Divided System1569 Words   |  7 PagesA Racially Divided System: An Insight into San Antonio Housing and Education Diversity of education, diversity of wealth, and diversity of race are all hallmarks of San Antonio. Although diversity is typically considered beneficial to a community or city, in San Antonio, it is a detriment. The racial and economic divisions of San Antonio have implications beyond a lack of cultural diversity. In fact, it is detrimental to the education of the Hispanic and Latino communities, as the clear economicRead MoreThe Feminization Of Poverty Trend And Black And White Inequality Trend Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pageswhite inequality trend can explain the U.S wealth distribution, I would use the same regression model lows uses. Instead of just looking at blacks versus whites, I will look at female headed households versus male headed household too. Similar to Low’s paper, I will use the Binder-Oaxaca decomposition to document the difference in wealth earnings if male headed households receives the female variables and vice versa. I hope to find that some of the wea lth distribution can be explained by the variable

Electronic Health Records And The Healthcare Field

Introduction The major change from traditional systems to electronic record systems in the healthcare field within the last couple decades has made a huge impact. Patient records, risk management, planning, staff, and more in the organization are affected by the IT staff. â€Å"The penetration of Internet access, mobile technologies and social networks collectively offer a future in which it is possible to deliver highly personalized care without necessarily having to do it in person, or even with a doctor.†(Healthcare IT News, n.d.) Many hospitals use paper records for patients long after electronic record technology was available. According to forbes.com in an article published two years ago, less than 2 percent of all healthcare organizations within the United States had and properly deployed information systems. Statement of Problem The problem the industry faces today is the lack of utilizing available IT resources within the healthcare organization. â€Å"As per the 2008 statistics in the NEJM article Electronic Health Records in Ambulatory Care - A National Survey of Physicians, NEJM 359:50-60, just four percent of physicians in the U.S. reported having an extensive, fully functional electronic-records system, and just thirteen percent reported having a basic system.† (Scot, 2015) The major implication of the problem is quality of care. Healthcare IT can help an organization improve medical efficiency, reduce costs, improve research, provide earlier detection and more.Show MoreRelatedElectronic Health Records On The Healthcare Field1289 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction An electronic health record (EHR) is a digital version of a patient’s paper chart (Appari Johnson, 2010). EHRs are immediate, patient- focused data that make report accessible quickly and firmly to certified users. An EHR system is assembled to go further than regular medical information gathered in a doctor’s office and can be comprehensive of an extensive view of a patient’s care (Appari Johnson, 2010). EHRs can: Encompass a patient’s , diagnoses, medical record, prescriptions,Read MoreElectronic Medical Records And The New Age Of Electronic Health Information Technology Essay1271 Words   |  6 PagesElectronic Medical Records (EMRs) are now exercising a more significant impact on healthcare practices than ever before. The United States healthcare system stands on the brink of a new age of electronic health information technology. The potential for innovation within this new technology represents a great opportunity for the future of medicine. Howeve r, in seeking to implement EMRs caution must be exercised to ensure that implementation does not have adverse effects on the personal nature of theRead MoreImportance Of Information Technology And The Healthcare Industry1452 Words   |  6 PagesIMPORTANCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN HEALTHCARE. Jude Alumuku, SEIS 605-07 Alum0001@stthomas.edu I. Introduction. II. Background Information A. What is Information Technology B. Information technology and the healthcare industry. C. Facts about Information technology and its application in Healthcare 1.0 Strategic Analysis – Industry. 1.1 Strategic Analysis – Competition III. Healthcare Information Technology Adoption, Quality and Costs IV. Problems With health Information technology V. PotentialRead MoreElectronic Medical And Health Records Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pages Electronic Medical and Health Records: The Future of Healthcare Nursing Informatics Seanequa Morrison Dr. Gwen Morse November 22, 2016 Abstract Electronic medical records often used interchangeably with the term electronic health records are potential systems that are being used to not only transform the way healthcare is being delivered, but to promote the quality of care of patients while creating less medical errors. In recent years electronic health records (EHR) has evolved its conceptRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On The Healthcare Field1541 Words   |  7 Pagestechnology have positively impacted the nursing field, it has also created huge concerns with patient privacy and sharing of protected health information leading to detrimental effects to patients and their families. Indeed, technology is changing the face of healthcare with positive innovations to reduce medication errors and documentation errors. However, technology at our fingertips has created immense concerns with sharing of protected health information of patients via social media, email andRead MoreTeamwork, Collaboration And Informatics For Nursing 880 Words   |  4 PagesTeamwork, Collaboration and Informatics in Nursing The nursing field is caring, dependable, and effective. None of which could be accomplished without teamwork, collaboration and informatics. I believe these concepts are fundamental in the nursing profession. Nurses must work with other healthcare staff, the patients and their families to provide patient-centered and quality care. The use of informatics enhance both the quality of care the clients receive and the teamwork and collaboration aspectRead MoreElectronic Health Records In Modern Times. Hcad 4352-24433.1239 Words   |  5 Pages Electronic Health Records in Modern Times HCAD 4352-24433 Emily Spanihel April 29,2017 Table of Contents Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 Literature Review†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......4 Discussion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....6 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 Executive Summary Our world has been radically transformed by digital technology – smart phones, tablets, and web-enabled devices have transformedRead MoreElectronic Health Record System At A Glance Essay974 Words   |  4 Pages Electronic Health Record System at a Glance Bri Essman, Alejandra Face,Tim Harmon, Alex James, Kristin Sullivan Denver School of Nursing  Electronic Health Record System at a Glance The quality of healthcare information systems is the determining factor of healthcare that has enabled patient care to be developed to the optimal level we see today. This paper will explore the functional steps used to establish a healthcare information system and the considerations taken into account onRead MoreHow Technology Is Transforming Healthcare1342 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract New technology is being implemented across a diversity of healthcare settings for the purpose of improving the outcome and overall quality of care, and its use is having a transformational effect on medical practice. One of the most prevalent implementations of technology in healthcare is the electronic health care record (EHR), a computer based system for managing patient information, which has been proven to reduce medical errors. Further implementation of technology has also been shownRead MoreThe Impact Of Technological Impacts To Electronic Health Records1740 Words   |  7 PagesThere are currently many technological impacts happening in the field of healthcare. While there are many and extremely valuable changes being implemented in medical facilities, one of the biggest changes is the transitioning from paper charts to electronic health records. Over the past few years and most recently, medical facilities have done their best to improve the EHR implementation so that they a re comfortable with how information is being entered into the system as well as how it is accessed

GE Bildungsroman Free Essays

The first stepping stone in Pip’s coming of age is finding a place to belong. A quote that shows the fact that Pip did not know where his place was is when he says â€Å"l am ashamed to say it,† I returned, â€Å"and yet it’s no worse to say it than to think it. You call me a lucky fellow. We will write a custom essay sample on GE Bildungsroman or any similar topic only for you Order Now Of course, I am. I was a blacksmith’s boy but yesterday; I am-?what shall I say I am-?to-day? † (Dickens 196). Before Pip knows where he belongs he lives the dreaded life of a blacksmith. He knows what he wants, but he must grow to achieve his goals. An instance in which Pip shows that he has found where he belongs is when he says â€Å"As passed the church, felt†¦ Sublime compassion for the poor creatures who were destined to go there, Sunday after Sunday, all their lives through, and to lie obscurely at last among the low green mounds† (Dickens 139). This quote shows how much Pip despised his old small town life. At this point in the story, he seems to know what he wants, and has no intention Of living and dying in the same place. Another quote which shows that Pip comes of age by finding where he belongs is when he tells Estella ‘You have been in every prospect I have ever seen since – on the river, on the sails of the hips, on the marshes, in the clouds, in the light, in the darkness, in the wind, in the woods, in the sea, in the streets† (345). Pip, completely infatuated with Estella, has found his place physically in London, but mentally with Estella. No matter what he cannot stop loving Estella and is convinced that she is the one for him. Pip had to first find where he was destined to be to come of age. Once Pip finds where he belongs, he also figures out who he can depend on, which is another milestone in Pip’s coming of age. The first lifelong companion that Pip figures out he can depend on is Joe when he tells him â€Å"l sis it was only me that got put out, Pip; I wish there wasn’t no Tickler for you, old chap; I wish I could take it all on myself†¦ † (50). Through Joe?s comforting and caring words, Pip knows he can depend on him as not only a best friend but a father. Despite the abuse of Mrs.. Joe, he wants to do right by women, and more than anything else, he wants to protect Pip, in which Pip comes to realize and respect about him. Another person Pip learns he can depend on is Biddy, from which he says â€Å"She was not beautiful – she was common, and could not be like Estella ; but she was pleasant and wholesome ND sweet-tempered† (131). Although he will never love her in the way he loves Estella, Pip will always trust and depend on Biddy because of her patient behavior and her role in helping Pip with his education. Biddy is a constant in Pip’s life, a stable aspect in which he knows he can always depend on. Another person who Pip depends on throughout his coming of age is Miss Having when she says â€Å"You made your own snares. Never made them† (361 Pip can depend on Miss Having to be honest with him. Without the honesty from Miss Having, it would be harder for Pip to grow up. Once Pip learned whom he could depend on, those individuals helped him grow up and come of age. After learning who was most important in his life, another stepping stone in Pip’s coming of age was learning what is most important in life. A quote that shows the fact that Pip did not know what was actually important is when he says â€Å"l was to leave the village at five in the morning†¦ And I told Joe that was to walk all alone. I am afraid†¦ That this purpose originated in my sense of the contrast there would be between me and Joe, if we went to coach together (156). Pip was so concerned about his social status that he Was ashamed to be seen with Joe. Before Pip learns what is most important in life, he thinks it is his social status. A quote showing Pip’s transition into realizing the important aspects of life is when he thinks, â€Å"It was fine summer weather again, and, as I walked sunshine should be softened as they thought of me (260). In this thought, Pip is reminiscing on his childhood and with this develops a hope to be remembered after he is gone. Pip comes to realize in the back of his mind that he wants to be remembered or his personality, and not so much his status. Another quote in which Pip finally realizes what is most important is when he states â€Å"l washed the weather and the journey from my face and hands, and went out to the memorable old house that it would have been so much the better for me never to have entered, never to have seen† (270). Pip comes to the conclusion that he would’ve been better off if he had never entered the sati house or ever became infatuated with the idea of being wealthy. Pip opens his eyes to realize that the road to wealth and status never even mattered, and this is here he comes of age. How to cite GE Bildungsroman, Papers

Corporations Law Gaining Personal Benefits

Question: Describe about the Corporations Law for Gaining Personal Benefits. Answer: Introduction In the given situation, Dr. Dawes, Mr. Foster, Mr. Huckenfusser and Mrs. Duck who bought certain shares of MMM subsequently sold them off by way of information they received from the internal sources of GML and earned profits. But they would not have been entitled to receive had the information from GML be not received by them. Thus, some of them have become liable under the civil penalties in the Corporations Act. Preliminary Issues There are certain breaches of law in the given situation. While some people misused the information they received from GML, there are others who purely traded in matters for gaining personal benefits. There are also some others who though did not cause detriment to the company as such, but nevertheless derived benefits from the minutes of the meetings in GML. Thus, the issues that arise in the matter are as follows: Whether Dr. Dawes is liable under the Corporations Act for the benefits drawn by his wife by investing in the shares of MMM? Whether there is any liability on Mr. Foster for dealing in insider trading and making QECG buy shares of MMM and whether he is liable for prosecution in the matter? Whether Mr. Huckenfusser has used his position disadvantageously and whether his personal gains in the matter are liable to be prosecuted with proceedings against him? Whether Mrs. Duck holds any liability in the entire matter and whether she has done anything wrong by investing in the shares of MMM and later on selling off the shares by obtaining information from Mr. Huckenfusser? It should be noted that some of the people mentioned above are in the position of directors; some are pseudo directors while others are in the simple position of employees of the company. In such a situation, dealing with all the issues under the shoes of the director would not be a sound idea (Braun et al., 2014). Hence, it is necessary to take up each of the issues separately and analyze the instances under independent legal provisions. There might be some who are liable for civil penalties, while there are some who are just an accomplice in the matter and have not done anything that is in contravention of the law (Lumbers v W Cook Builders Pty Ltd (in liquidation), [2008]). These shall be conclusively determined after making a thorough analysis of the Corporations Law and understanding the breached provisions. Possible Breaches of the Corporations Law To validly bring about a suit against a director or officer of a company for breach of law under Section 183 of the Corporations Act, it is necessary to prove the following: That the person against whom the matter is being instituted was at the relevant time, an officer of the Company or the corporation (Australian Securities Investments Commission v DB Management Pty Ltd, [2000]); That the relevant misused information was acquired by the person directly; That the information that was obtained by him was acquired entirely because of his position as an officer of the company and he would not have obtained that information if he was not an officer; The person made that improper use of the obtained information (Chapman, 2005); That the improper use of the information was made by him so that he could gain an advantage for himself; The improper use of information could also have been made by the person to cause detriment to the company or the corporation (Lim, 2013). In the given situation Dr. Dawes acquired the information about the shares of MMM because of the directorial meeting of which he was a part. He had already declared that he had become insolvent and had no assets left. This indicates that Dr. Dawes concealed none of the material facts. He came to know of the shares of MMM and advised his wife to invest in the shares. After that, he subsequently came to know of the falling prices of the shares and advised his wife to sell the shares off. She, in turn, earned a good amount of profits out of this transaction. It can be said that though the information was obtained from the position of an officer of the company by Dr. Dawes, yet he did not cause any detriment to the company because of the information and its use. He purely invested in certain stock and derived personal benefits. Moreover, Section 183 applies to those people who are the officers or directors of the company (Google Inc. v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, [201 3]). However, Dr. Dawes was not eligible to remain a director at that relevant time, and no permission was taken from ASIC in that instance as well (Mamutse, 2014). Thus, it can be said that Dr. Dawes is immune from receiving penalties in the given matter. Mr. Foster was a Director of the company, and after he had come to know of the information about the stocks of MMM, he left GML and joined QECG. He advised the Board of QECG to make an investment in the shares of MMM so that they could gain profits. It is evident in the given situation that while Mr. Foster gave the financial advice to QECG, he was not associated with GML in any way and was not an officer or employee or director there. However, one cannot disregard the reality that the financial advice was given by Mr. Foster to QECG out of the information that he had received because of being a part of the directorial members of GML when it was discussed there. There is clear indication that he took an advantageous position and out misused the information he had gathered (Lichtenberg, 2010). QECG would not have known about the stocks of MMM has Mr. Foster not told them about it. This indicates misuse of information and though he did not cause any detriment to GML, yet his action was one that could have resulted in insider trading (Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Lanepoint Enterprises Pty Ltd (Receivers and Managers Appointed), [2011]). Thus, it can be said that Mr. Foster was liable for a civil penalty in the given matter. Mr. Huckenfusser is an employee of the company is but is neither an officer nor a director of GML. Because of his role in the office, he received the beneficial interest of knowing about the stocks of MMM and him pass on this knowledge to an outsider who was Mrs. Duck. This information was given out by him to gain personal advantage entirely and clear off his debts. Mrs. Duck in the given instance is not at fault because she wanted to take an independent financial advice from Mr. Huckenfusser (Symon, 2006). However, this advice given by him because he came to know about the shares of MMM from the Board meetings of GML. Thus, it can be said that this amounts to a breach of the fiduciary duties as stated in the Corporations Act and though Mrs. Duck is not liable in the matter, Mr. Huckenfusser is liable for his actions. Defenses Each of the four people about whom discussions have been made can take certain defenses to state their innocence in the matter. Dr. Dawes has acted honestly in the matter and that he intended to do was gain some monetary advantage because he was already bankrupt and had also declared the same to the Directors of GML. Though he has contravened some provisions yet, his position does not make him guilty under the law, and he can claim immunity under Section 1317S (Hackner, 2010). Mr. Foster, however, does not have any defenses in the matter, and all that he can state that is because of his actions, GML did not incur any losses in the matter. However, this cannot be used as a strong defense by him, and the ASIC will have to take up a procedural investigation in the matter (Wong, 2014). As far as the position of Mrs. Duck is concerned, she is immune in the entire matter and she can claim that she was not at all associated with GML in any way. She just sought for some financial investment advice from her brother in law, and this was done in good faith by her (Wright, 2010). She initially invested according to the advice that she received and also sold off her shares from subsequent advice. Moreover, proceedings cannot be initiated against her because she is not a director or officer of GML (Keay, 2014). Hence, she is not liable under Section 183 of the Corporations Act. Remedies It can be said in the matter that there are civil remedies in the given instance. Once breach of duty is proved, the Courts can decide on any one of the following remedies: A pecuniary penalty amounting to $200,000 may be imposed for contravening the law; They might be asked to pay compensation for damage for contravening a civil penalty provision under Section 1317E of the Corporations Act 2001 in relation to GML; They might also face disqualification from managing other corporations thereon (Boral Besser Masonry Ltd v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, [2003]). Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded saying that there are some who have breached the provisions of Section 183 of the Corporations Act and hence civil penalties can be imposed on them. However, the procedural process has to be taken up by ASIC before declaring breach in any instance. References Australian Securities Investments Commission v DB Management Pty Ltd[2000] HCA p.7. Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Lanepoint Enterprises Pty Ltd (Receivers and Managers Appointed)[2011] HCA p.18. Boral Besser Masonry Ltd v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2003] HCA p.5. Braun, D., Oehmichen, J., Wolff, M. and Yoshikawa, T. (2014). When Elites Forget Their Duties: The Double-Edged Sword of Star Directors on Boards.Academy of Management Proceedings, 2014(1), pp.10613-10613. Chapman, G. (2005).Report on Australian Accounting Standards tabled in compliance with the Corporations Act 2001 on 30 August and 16 November 2004. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia. Google Inc. v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission[2013] HCA p.1. Hackner, D. (2010). Going on Rounds: May's ICU Director Contributions.ICU Director, 1(3), pp.135-136. Keay, A. (2014). The Public Enforcement of Directors' Duties: A Normative Inquiry. Common Law World Review, 43(2), pp.89-119. Lichtenberg, J. (2010). Negative Duties, Positive Duties, and the New Harms.Ethics, 120(3), pp.557-578. Lim, E. (2013). Directors' duties: improper purposes or implied terms?.Leg Stud (Soc Leg Scholars), 34(3), pp.395-418. Lumbers v W Cook Builders Pty Ltd (in liquidation)[2008] HCA p.27. Mamutse, B. (2014). Directors Duties.The Law Teacher, 48(3), pp.376-378. Symon, H. (2006).Corporations Act 2001. Melbourne: Leo Cussen Institute. Wong, S. (2014).Combating Phoenix Activities: Law Reform Proposals. SaarbruÃÅ'ˆcken: Scholars' Press. Wright, F. (2010). Fiduciary Duties: Directors and Employees20102Andrew Stafford QC and Stuart Ritchie. Fiduciary Duties: Directors and Employees. Bristol: Jordan Publishing Ltd 2008. 155.International Journal of Law and Management, 52(5), pp.405-406.

Tales of Ordinary Madness Review Essay Example

Tales of Ordinary Madness Review Paper Essay on Tales of Ordinary Madness Where is my Bukowski! Just listing was in my hand, and now she was gone. As you know, my wife, who has always-knows-where-it-is, so still and did not return to Yugov. Books continue to disappear, hiding prints and old women fall Kharms. However, printing was found, and I became absorbed in reading a few short stories and old goat alcoholic Bukowski. Perhaps he really wrote all his life itself unloved. And his alter-ego, the writer Henry Chinaski, lost in the vastness of the cheap motels, sometimes replaced by the hero, wearing the authors name. So, my first acquaintance became stories:. Politics, Evil Town, The dollar and 20 cents, The risk game of marijuana and Beer, Poets and chatter As the sages Wikipedia Bukowski mistakenly considered to beatniks. Well, to make a mistake is really very difficult. Why? Beer and cigarettes and wine, there is poetry in the form of scrap, similar to the rhythm of jazz improvisation, building stanzas, there flirting with Zen Buddhism and even Kerouac is! (Sm.rasskaz Beer, poets and idle talk). And yet, right wikipedia erroneously added it to the beatniks. After all, if the beatniks were looking for freedom outside society, as if rejecting a man as a social animal, that Bukowski is far from such romantic fantasies. His prose is very hard stands on the foundation of the ordinary and everyday well-established and existing laws of society, and even the fantasy of Evil Town uses almost berrouzovskuyu Interzone only for the entourage We will write a custom essay sample on Tales of Ordinary Madness Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tales of Ordinary Madness Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tales of Ordinary Madness Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Let us proceed directly to the stories:. Policy with which I started, I liked the most. A wonderful story, wonderful beginning: In the City College in Los Angeles before the Second World War, I pretended to be a Nazi. The story of Politics is dedicated to youth Bukowski when he dissent jingoistic sentiments flirted with the extreme left only to be Baba Yaga against: I could hardly distinguish Hitler from Hercules, and things I had previously been even less. In the short story, Bukowski describes very precisely the essence of all the youth movements, was playing politics. Perhaps he really in the pimply youth was no longer a fool, or wrote a little later, this story but the main conclusions striking contrast with the political hide and seek, in which play youngsters: I promise you, it is hardly the war the last Once destroy one enemy. , managed to find another. It is infinite and meaningless. There is no such thing as a good war or a bad war. / I feel that will happen soon war, and there I do not particularly like t he role of the conscious enemy I also do not relish the Holy shit cat All bestolku We with my by a dick medium in size and in trouble I sat for lessons in silence, waiting for Students and.. teachers picked on me. I lost my head, blow off steam, lost penetrating power. Everything fell out of my hands. Its bound to happen. All the cocks in trouble. In the stories of Bukowski short it seems exactly as many words as you need. No more, no less. And from that, they do not sound the underdog, unfinished no they sound finished. Good and the end of the story, which seems to be converged all the tragedy clowns game called Politics: We were told: just bombed Pearl Harbor announced that all military personnel should return immediately to their units A friend asked me to reached with the.. . them on a bus to San Diego, suggesting that we see each other, it may be the last time he was right story. The dollar and 20 cents - introduced me to the manner of Bukowskis writing without caps . Interesting move that turns text into a boa constrictor, which absorbs the reader. The history of the old profligate, old goat, a bum who has a dollar and 20 cents in his pocket, which is faced with a young dandy who decided pozuboskalit. Perhaps in this story Bukowski foresaw his own end, perhaps it was written during the darkest thoughts of the future? Or is it still hidden satire author Beer, Poets and General Discussion thing very atmospheric. A few friends sitting in the kitchen for a beer and discuss contemporary poets, although the authors conclusion is that almost all the great recently died Frost Cummings, Jeffers, U.K.Uilyams, TS Eliot, and the rest a couple of nights ago -. -. Sandberg in a short time, they all seemed to have died together, add Vietnam and riots, and came out very strange, fast, Sore and a new era. Sore era. And therefore, to stay the night, beer and chatter about poets. and hot sam story tone foolish it really is, idle talk there is in him the wonderful pearls, like for example here is this: . even better to do what I was doing, I thought about the hospital, racecourses, some women I know some women, I buried, drunk, pereeb, but did not argue. crazy alcoholic, love brings it to me, and all their own way . The story of Evil Town , it seems to me a very good read if you watched Taxi Driver, Scorsese the same atmosphere of hopelessness, fatigue and disgust with the incomprehensible, perverse, ailing mi a. And although this story read some unpleasant, there are a lot of mud but sharing the experience with the main character, who but I have seen Eternity is worth it The risk game of marijuana. dovolno- yet funny story in which Bukowski describes young people who erected harmless pokurivanie grass in bohemian cult that this boast and claim to be snobbish elitism. Bukowskis all funny, to use drugs on the sly, for their own pleasure, they can not, they definitely need to publicly announce what they have joined is not enough, they tend to associate all this with Art, Sex, rejection of life in society. . Their acidic God, Leary, tells: throw society. Follow me. Then he rented in the city center and takes five dollars from his nose for them to listen, as it pushes the speech. Then near Leary appears Ginsberg proclaims Bob Dylans greatest poet. showboat celebrities and not slezshih with childrens pot ./ their language is cool, old sechosh chuvacho class nashensky nenashensky Otpad junkie sucker cap baby daddy, and so on and so forth the same words -.. or as they better to call I heard back in 1932, when I was twelve years old that they can be heard at every step h. tvert century later, it does not inspire much respect for the lover of drugs, especially when he considers them to be a sign of upper class. origins of much of this verbal formation we owe to people addicted to serious drugs, people with a spoon and a syringe, as well as the old Negro jazz musicians. Bukowskis prose brought all the modern so-called counter-culture, is taken from him, and the crisp, brittle, like chips, language which may be partially castrated and inferior but swallowed at times. Bukowski could feed reader sandwiches shit (the title of one of his novels), the mother of almost every sentence and generally provoke brought up the public but this is only a facade, a bright colorful screen behind which hides a wise, in fact, not notionally, to test the writers life. His similes and metaphors are accurate, his style draws its humor funny. Perhaps it is my nadumki but Bukowski seemed very similar to another well-known drinkers -. Sergei Dovlatov Even I do not know whether to advise Bukowski wide range of readers, but I personally their familiarity with the author will continue to . I like it. Very.

Human resources management Essays

Human resources management Essays Human resources management Essay Human resources management Essay This research outline addresses efficiency in the health system from a human resource point of view. The paper highlights the importance of human resources management (HRM) in enhancing general patient health outcomes and the delivery of health care services. Many key factors emerge, especially pertaining to nurse managers among others that clearly impact on health care practices and HRM. The paper reveals how human resources management is fundamental to any health care organization, to use HRM practices to improve health care delivery. Challenges in the health care systems of top ten hospitals in Asia are examined, with suggestions provided for solving these problems through the a proper application of human resources management practices. Defining human resources in health care Health care systems globally are increasingly focusing their attention is on human resources management (HRM) (Jones, D, A (1996). In particular, human resources are one of the core inputs of health systems. Therefore, human resource in healthcare is defined as an input element (WHO 2000). Human resources practices and hospitals The practice of having nurses doubling up as managers in the top ten Asian hospitals is creating a series of problems in the hospitals. These hospitals need a reform in their human resources practices. The approaches adopted should seek to improve the quality of services and customer (patients) satisfaction. Quality in healthcare consists of : technical quality-this is from medical practitioners, it impacts on the conditions of health for populations; and socio-cultural quality-from the administration, measures the degree at which the services offered by the hospitals are accepted as having the ability to satisfy patients needs (Malat, 2001). It is clear that human resource practitioners (whether nurses, doctors or generalists) are faced with many obstacles in attempting to deliver high-quality health service to patients. These problems include budgets constraints, lack of smooth interoperability between various stakeholders, equipment breakdowns, absenteeism, and low morale of hospital personnel among (Aiken et al. , 2002). Many other professionals, beside doctors and nurses are involved in the health care process. These include pharmacists, nutritionists, social workers and case managers inter alia. While there is much focus on doctors and nurses, there is a myriad of challenges that these other providers face in delivering health services (Anson, 2003). Furthermore, the health care system is becoming more technologically advanced. Hence there is need to increase the supply of specialized and skilled technicians (Guo 2003). Solutions The solution of separating patient care from managerial functions is a good solution to some extent since it allows the nurses ample time to attend to patients. Moreover, nurses are technically well versed with specific hospital operations. On the other side, hiring administrative managers is a good solution since the managers will do what they know best-ensure schedules are adhered to and efficiency is maintained. However, the better solution is the utilization of the broad spectrum of health care providers and improved coordination of health services through multidisciplinary teamwork (Barney 1997). This is because, health care is basically delivered by people, best human resources practices will be vital in the success of health service delivery (Zurn et al. , 2004). Alternative solution Alternatively, the hospitals could out-source non core functions and leave the nurses to concentrate on what they know best-taking care of patients. Outsourcing of services will allow for conversion of fixed labor expenses into variable costs thus enhancing efficiency. Contracting-out, performance contracts and internal contracting are also examples of measures employed

A Case Study on Branding Bangladesh

Submitted By: Revolution 8th Semester, Session: 2008-09. Date of Submission: 10/12/2012. [pic] REVOLUTION 3rd Batch Session: 2008-09 |Serial: |Name of Students : |Roll No: | |01. |Farjana Nur Purabi |091648 | |02. Anik Kumar Devnath |091654 | |03. |Sheikh Sazzadur Rahman |091664 | |04. |Md. Ashiqur Rahman Rana Biswas |091695 | |05. |Rumana Jahan |091743 | |06. |Md. Masudur Rahman |091750 | |07. |Md. Rabiul Islam |091758 | |08. Md. Mushfiqur Rahman |091759 | |09. |Mohammad Ullah |07882876 | December 10, 2012. Shaikh Rafiqul Islam. Associate Professor. Department of Marketing . Jagannath University. Dhaka-1100. Dear Sir, Here is the assignment you allocated us to prepare on â€Å"Branding Bangladesh†. After researching and studying the current situation of the country based on collected data we have been able to prepare the assignment. All of the major points and insights information associated with the given issue are included here. Besides, we have attempted to include some of our personal assumption, practical experience and idea to make the assignment more fruitful. Thanking you for giving the break accomplishing such an interesting educative task. Hope to hear from you soon. Sincerely, Group :- Revolution. 8th Semester. 3rd Batch. Session :- 2008-2009 Title Page Country Branding: A Case Study on Branding Bangladesh Tourism Export Brands Culture and Heritage pic][pic] People Investment Foreign and domestic policies [pic] [pic] [pic] Country branding is different in branding from a product. In developing the strategy, it would involve many intricacies and can be a long drawn out process. Branding Bangladesh is all about positioning Bangladesh in the minds of people. Branding Bangladesh is an important concept because it will help the country to understand how publics perceive her across the nations. Those people are consumers, potential tourists, and, most importantly potential investors. In the growth process of Bangladesh they all are participating actively. An effective nation branding campaign accelerates the economic growth of Bangladesh and the citizens feel dignified. It must be remembered that there are around 195 nations in the world; all are aggressively competing for the attention of investors, tourists, and citizens. Therefore, a well-planned nation branding campaign is crucial for the branding of Bangladesh. Table of Contents TOPIC |PAGE | |PART: A (Introductory Part) | | |Preamble |7 | |Objectives |7 | |Methodology |8 | |Limitations |8 | |PART: B (Theoretical Framework/Literature Review) | | |Literature Review |9 | |PART: C | | |Brand Dimensions of Bangladesh |10 | |Strategies for Branding Bangladesh |12 | |Country and Corporate Brands Co-positioning |16 | |Findings at a glance |16 | |PART: D | | |Recommendations |17 | |Conclusion |17 | |References |18 | Creating a branding program for Bangladesh demands an integration policy that most countries do not possess. To boost our commercial success it is very important to take action regarding branding Bangladesh. Branding Bangladesh the government should always observe their global image in countries they aim to target and the stakeholder should collaborate together and agree on a national stratagem. If the stakeholders could unite as one, pin down the purpose and objectives, and fulfill the process, it would reflect the will of one nation. Maintaining continuously the reputation in every sector (Tourism, exports, culture, people, brands and policy) is important to accelerate the task of branding. This assignment aims at clarifying the concepts of branding Bangladesh and argues that for a developing country like Bangladesh, branding is a prerequisite for national development. The specific objectives of this paper are: Review the conceptual and theoretical foundation of nation branding by leading authors in the marketing field; ? Examining and defining Branding Bangladesh and discussing its challenges. ? Attaining insights into branding Bangladesh ? Being familiar on the subject matter for lat er investigation for branding Bangladesh. DATA COLLECTION: Considering the objectives of the assignment, time, types of respondents, we collected both Primary and Secondary data to find out the necessary information regarding the strategies of branding Bangladesh. The sources are mentioned here- PRIMARY DATA: ? Taking personal interview of concerning people of tourism board; ? Discussing with the concerning people of Brand Forum of Bangladesh. SECONDARY DATA: ? Studying different articles and advertisements published in daily newspapers; ? Visiting different websites and journals. While preparing the assignment we faced some problems that were unavoidable and these limitations are mentioned below: ? This assignment was totally an unfamiliar type of assignment to us; ? People of the authority were unwilling to provide full information about our given topic; ? The permitted survey time we have got was very limited; ? We did not get enough concern person to collect necessary information; ? Our communication was confined only to the Dhaka city. Bangladesh has always held great promise. It enjoyed widespread international public support during the war of liberation, not only because its struggle was identifiable, but also due to the fact that it aimed to establish a socio-economic equilibrium and an equitable society where each citizen would have the opportunity to flourish. Another interesting problem the nation faces is that when it is compared to other countries it is invariably compared to nations with drug, mafia, and terrorist problems. While it is true that Bangladesh a huge population, with high unemployment rates, and increasing price inflation, often comparing it to failed or a semi-failed states does not do it justice. The weak status continued till the nineties. Then even Transparency International started ranking us as one of the most corrupt countries in the world. However, the nation’s image started improving post-2000 as did its performance indicators. The major indicators for socio-economic growth include: improvement in health status, increasing literacy, progress in gender balance, enhancement of employment opportunities, building transport and communications facilities, huge increases in media reach amongst rural and urban people, booming ITC businesses, a rise in remittance and agricultural, industrial, and ready-made garments (RMG) booms. In 2006, our global image increased exponentially with Prof. Yunus and Grameen Bank winning the Nobel Peace Prize. That put Bangladesh in a strong position, globally and we cannot let that slip. Therefore, it has become imperative to develop a nation branding campaign to keep us in the global limelight for the right reasons. While branding Bangladesh, the brand strategists must consider two key basic objectives: Firstly, it is crucial to instill pride in Bangladeshis and to persuade our people to be positive and feel dignified about themselves and for their country. The success of the nation branding program strongly depends on their active participation, ownership, and support. They should be proud of their country, culture, and heritage. Secondly, the government should come up with an aggressive but distinct nation branding campaign immediately, it is essential for our progress. Countries like India, Thailand, China, Malaysia, etc started similar branding journeys more than a decade ago and should not lag too far behind. We need a forceful branding campaign for our country so that we can emerge as an Asian Tiger by 2021; which will also mark the 50th year of our independence. Dr. Khalid Hasan  is Managing Director, Nielsen Bangladesh and Treasurer AmCham Bangladesh. Acknowledgement: AmCham Bangladesh. Brand Dimensions of Bangladesh Anholt is recognized for Anholt-GfK Nation Brand Index (NBI), and it is based on the same six categories to measure the global perception of a country. The brand of a country is judged based of the six dimensions. In case of branding Bangladesh we might focus on these dimensions and create brand image for Bangladesh. Fig: The Six Dimensions of a national branding Dimension 1: Tourism Tourism is one of the most visible aspects of a country brand because it receives considerable financial support from governments, and is therefore the main marketing tool at the national level. It is a major economic driver through employment, international visitor expenditures, investments, and regional development. Bangladesh Tourism Board has adopted different policies and strategies to promote and champion Bangladesh. It includes brand taglines like â€Å"Beautiful Bangladesh. † Dimension 2: Export brands There is a constant struggle to increase share of exports within the global market. In order to attain this purpose, the quality of exported products or services has to be superior to that of competitors. Export brands represent an important mark for Bangladesh. An increase in exports can raise the self-esteem of a country, which in turn boosts self-confidence and further success. Ten years ago, as a country Bangladesh was little known across the Globe. Today, most of the countries label as the country of high quality garments product and this is mainly due to the performance of our garments industry. Dimension 3: Investments All countries, be they developing or developed, are now striving for an investment-friendly image. Country brand, and everything that it stands for, has a lot to say when it comes to attracting foreign direct investments. In case of Bangladesh it is very good for us that a large number of investors are coming in different sectors. Dimension 4: Foreign and domestic policies. Nations are also judged in accordance with the foreign and domestic policies that their leaders initiate. Foreign and domestic policies must be coordinated so that they would invigorate the national brand. As a country we have to increase the ability to meet the residents’ needs for health, education, human rights, political participation more effectively. Dimension 5: People It is worth mentioning that the branding of a country must start from inside because a country’s brand is most frequently promoted by its people. In 2006, our global image increased exponentially with Prof. Yunus and Grameen Bank winning the Nobel Peace Prize. That put Bangladesh in a strong position, globally and we cannot let that slip. Beside, Sakib-al-hasan, a Bangladeshi cricketer also increases the brand image of our country holding number one position in ICC Cricket ranking. Joining the mission of UN, Bangladesh Army has created a new dimension for Bangladesh and it is obviously a good sign for our country Dimension 6: Culture and Heritage Last but not least, one should not overlook the cultural dimension of a country brand. Culture penetrates all areas of life, including all scientific endeavors. For this reason, culture has turned into the ultimate reference point, a conventionally accepted solution to all problematic questions. Strategies for branding Bangladesh We should take on a more conscious effort in branding country because country images draw out identifications, affect evaluations and purchase decisions. Additionally, countries compete for tourists, foreign investments and talented people. Let us look at this figure- Setting objectives: Branding Bangladesh we have to set clear and distinctive objectives that will help us to accomplish the different task most effectively. Different objectives might be: ? To be a Middle Income Country (MIC) ? 30th largest economy ? Per capita us dollar 6000 ? Economic goal †¢ Agro and labor intensive industry †¢ GDP growth to 10% †¢ Environmental protection Transportation and ship building hub. Performing SWOT analysis: Performing a SWOT analysis for nations is an idea that has been promoted by many others. In his book The Marketing of Nations, Philip Kotler (1997) confirmed the idea that each nation must assess its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) periodically in its five areas of capability: †¢ Government leadership; †¢ Factor endowments; †¢ Industrial organization; †¢ Social cohesion; †¢ Culture, attitudes and values. Based on the guidelines we might perform an effective SWOT analysis that will help to figure out our own most effectively and define the country’s objectives. S- Strength |W- Weakness | | | | |Potential Growth economics, |Lack of Coordination among different groups, | |Successfully meeting the millennium development goal. |Lack of coordination between corporate and country co branding, | | |Insufficient budget. | | | | | | |O- Opportunity |T- Threat | | | | |Positive sovereign credit achieved, |Corruption, | |Making agreement with different countries. |Political instability. | | | | Choosing a Specific direction for distinctive branding For distinctive branding we might choose a specific direction from industries, personalities, natural landmarks or historica l events. This process will help create brand image more effectively. Expanding upon an Umbrella concept: Expanding upon an umbrella concept will help to cover separate branding activities with consistency. Different branding activities will be coordinated through an umbrella concept. Consulting with opinion leaders to look at national strengths and weaknesses and compare those with the research we might do create this concept. Allocating adequate funds to finance each branding activities: To create a successful brand image and create a greater impact regarding brand adequate fund is necessary and concerning people should handle the matter with kin interest Creating Export Control: Creating export controls to ensure exported products are trustworthy and meeting the affirmed performance is necessary for branding Bangladesh. We have good will in foreign market in case of exporting garments products but sometimes it has been seen that due to some reasons our country is branded negatively and to avoid this we need to control export market. Maintaining balance between promise and performance: We will have to be very careful to maintain balance between the promise and performance. Sometimes it has been seen that we can’t afford quality service for the promising things e. g sometimes foreigners come to our country to enjoy heritage sides but due to transportation facility and accommodation facility they don’t get expected performance. This point is the main thing to create a positive brand image for Bangladesh. Performing Activities on a regular basis: Creating positive brand image different campaigns are needed. But we have to keep in mind that these campaigns should be taken consistently and thinking the vision and long run interest of the country. Creating strategy and Working out program to make the strategy tangible through improvement programs, campaigns are important to reinforce the past campaign. Making all the members interactive: Ensuring the cooperation and involvement of representatives of government, business, the arts, education and importantly the media we can make a fruitful effect for Bangladesh. In recent years the growth of Media sectors has constantly drawn our attention and the media might play a crucial role to brand Bangladesh. It is necessary to mobilize all those available forces of politicians, business people, artists, sportsmen and scientists to create a strategy for enhancing the image and reputation of Bangladesh on the international markets, i. e. for creating the national branding strategy. Country and Corporate Brands Co-positioning The concept of countries as brands has been increasingly recognized in the post-modern global world. A strong country brand can provide corporate brands with a unique set of values, which supports their positioning on the international market. Simultaneously, once corporate brands achieve worldwide success, they contribute actively to developing new features of the country brand. A nation’s image can provide competitive advantage to its company/product/service brands. Until and unless Bangladesh has some international brands it will be very difficult to create good brand image for Bangladesh. Consider Finland, a country which was outside the global arena ten years ago, and therefore little known. Today, we label it as the country of high-tech mobile phone technology, and this is mainly due to Nokia’s performance. In Bangladeshi context there are some brands (Square, Walton etc) so the overnment should coordinate to development of the company and in the mean time these companies should take initiatives for the country branding Besides that we might consider the task of Prothom Alo and Airtel Company, who jointly arrange the design of the largest â€Å"Alpona† at Manik Mia Avenue and thus made a new dime nsion for themselves as well as create a good image for Bangladesh in the world. Findings at a glance: ? It is now more critical than ever to create a unique identity for destination because it is now more competitive for survival in the global market. ? Limited budget and little management control create obstacles on the way of creating good brand image for Bangladesh. Political pressures, External environment factors such as economic downturn, natural disasters and pandemics can affect the process of branding Bangladesh. ? A major challenge for Bangladesh is that when the tourists’ visit the destination and found the reality does not match the projected image from the pre-trip information gathered prior to trip, the gap will lead to disappointment and they will become brand terrorists. This would lead to low repeat visitation and damage the brand image indirectly. ? Local governors and mayors have different objectives to promote their own region and cities rather than the n ation. ? Failure of government to control the flow of information through the Internet that shapes the national image. We need to conduct research among the people of Bangladesh, covering different segments, to understand their views and expectations. This will help in understanding the pulse of the nation and giving ownership to everyone, thus, satisfying different target audiences, different needs, and different institutions. The research should be conducted both internally (to understand the country’s socio-economic situation) and externally (global research among the investors and tourists). The findings will help develop a strategic plan on the nation-branding campaign; ? Concerned groups should make regular promotional activities to brand this country; The tourism sector of should be taken under focus to increase international brand value of Bangladesh by capturing large number of tourists; ? Both the government firms and Multinational Firms need to make attention to in crease the international brand value of Bangladesh; ? The key focus should be on the six dimensions which are mentioned earlier in the assignment to make our country value stronger. Country branding is not about constructing slogans. Country branding involves planned communication management and purposeful social engineering. Branding is no longer a choice but a necessity, and the branding is not a function to be performed solely by the state or individual corporations, but an integrative and concerted effort by all concerned stakeholders. If a country is effectively branded â€Å"soft power† can be engendered giving that country vast competitive advantage. However, only few developing countries have articulated and implemented a country branding strategy. The notion of an umbrella country brand inspiring, guiding and feeding commercial brands is a compelling one. Branding of developing countries could unleash a sustainable wealth creation behavior which will greatly help these poor countries break out of their poverty cycle. There is now an opportunity for developing countries to close this gap by turning their attention to employ professionalism in country branding. Books:- ? Kevin Lane Keller (2012-2013), Strategic Brand Management,3rd edition. Philip Kotler, Nation Branding 1997. Publications:- ? Mathias Akotia, CEO – Brand Ghana Office Accra, Ghana,† Country Branding: Promoting Investment, Tourism and Exports through Country Communication Management and Social Engineering†. ? Dr. Khalid H asan, Managing Director, Nielsen Bangladesh and Treasurer AmCham Bangladesh. Acknowledgement: AmCham Bangladesh, â€Å"Nation Branding†. Websites:- ? http://www. bangladeshbrandforum. com ? http://www. thedailystar. net ? http://www. tourismboard. gov. bd ? http://www. interbrand. com ———THE END——— ———————– Letter of Transmittal :- Executive Summary PART: A Preamble Objectives Methodology Limitations PART: B Literature Review PART: C Findings Export Brands Tourism Country Brand Investment People Foreign and Domestic polices Culture and Heritage Setting Objectives Step-1 Performing SWOT Analysis Step-2 Expanding upon an Umbrella concept Step-4 Choosing a Specific direction for distinctive branding Step-3 Strategies of Branding Bangladesh Creating Export Control Step-5 Making all the members interactive Step-9 Allocating adequate funds to finance each branding activities Step-6 Maintaining balance between promise and performance Step-7 Performing Activities on a regular basis Step-8 PART: D Recommendation Conclusion References Read also: Padma Bridge A Case Study on Branding Bangladesh Submitted By: Revolution 8th Semester, Session: 2008-09. Date of Submission: 10/12/2012. [pic] REVOLUTION 3rd Batch Session: 2008-09 |Serial: |Name of Students : |Roll No: | |01. |Farjana Nur Purabi |091648 | |02. Anik Kumar Devnath |091654 | |03. |Sheikh Sazzadur Rahman |091664 | |04. |Md. Ashiqur Rahman Rana Biswas |091695 | |05. |Rumana Jahan |091743 | |06. |Md. Masudur Rahman |091750 | |07. |Md. Rabiul Islam |091758 | |08. Md. Mushfiqur Rahman |091759 | |09. |Mohammad Ullah |07882876 | December 10, 2012. Shaikh Rafiqul Islam. Associate Professor. Department of Marketing . Jagannath University. Dhaka-1100. Dear Sir, Here is the assignment you allocated us to prepare on â€Å"Branding Bangladesh†. After researching and studying the current situation of the country based on collected data we have been able to prepare the assignment. All of the major points and insights information associated with the given issue are included here. Besides, we have attempted to include some of our personal assumption, practical experience and idea to make the assignment more fruitful. Thanking you for giving the break accomplishing such an interesting educative task. Hope to hear from you soon. Sincerely, Group :- Revolution. 8th Semester. 3rd Batch. Session :- 2008-2009 Title Page Country Branding: A Case Study on Branding Bangladesh Tourism Export Brands Culture and Heritage pic][pic] People Investment Foreign and domestic policies [pic] [pic] [pic] Country branding is different in branding from a product. In developing the strategy, it would involve many intricacies and can be a long drawn out process. Branding Bangladesh is all about positioning Bangladesh in the minds of people. Branding Bangladesh is an important concept because it will help the country to understand how publics perceive her across the nations. Those people are consumers, potential tourists, and, most importantly potential investors. In the growth process of Bangladesh they all are participating actively. An effective nation branding campaign accelerates the economic growth of Bangladesh and the citizens feel dignified. It must be remembered that there are around 195 nations in the world; all are aggressively competing for the attention of investors, tourists, and citizens. Therefore, a well-planned nation branding campaign is crucial for the branding of Bangladesh. Table of Contents TOPIC |PAGE | |PART: A (Introductory Part) | | |Preamble |7 | |Objectives |7 | |Methodology |8 | |Limitations |8 | |PART: B (Theoretical Framework/Literature Review) | | |Literature Review |9 | |PART: C | | |Brand Dimensions of Bangladesh |10 | |Strategies for Branding Bangladesh |12 | |Country and Corporate Brands Co-positioning |16 | |Findings at a glance |16 | |PART: D | | |Recommendations |17 | |Conclusion |17 | |References |18 | Creating a branding program for Bangladesh demands an integration policy that most countries do not possess. To boost our commercial success it is very important to take action regarding branding Bangladesh. Branding Bangladesh the government should always observe their global image in countries they aim to target and the stakeholder should collaborate together and agree on a national stratagem. If the stakeholders could unite as one, pin down the purpose and objectives, and fulfill the process, it would reflect the will of one nation. Maintaining continuously the reputation in every sector (Tourism, exports, culture, people, brands and policy) is important to accelerate the task of branding. This assignment aims at clarifying the concepts of branding Bangladesh and argues that for a developing country like Bangladesh, branding is a prerequisite for national development. The specific objectives of this paper are: Review the conceptual and theoretical foundation of nation branding by leading authors in the marketing field; ? Examining and defining Branding Bangladesh and discussing its challenges. ? Attaining insights into branding Bangladesh ? Being familiar on the subject matter for lat er investigation for branding Bangladesh. DATA COLLECTION: Considering the objectives of the assignment, time, types of respondents, we collected both Primary and Secondary data to find out the necessary information regarding the strategies of branding Bangladesh. The sources are mentioned here- PRIMARY DATA: ? Taking personal interview of concerning people of tourism board; ? Discussing with the concerning people of Brand Forum of Bangladesh. SECONDARY DATA: ? Studying different articles and advertisements published in daily newspapers; ? Visiting different websites and journals. While preparing the assignment we faced some problems that were unavoidable and these limitations are mentioned below: ? This assignment was totally an unfamiliar type of assignment to us; ? People of the authority were unwilling to provide full information about our given topic; ? The permitted survey time we have got was very limited; ? We did not get enough concern person to collect necessary information; ? Our communication was confined only to the Dhaka city. Bangladesh has always held great promise. It enjoyed widespread international public support during the war of liberation, not only because its struggle was identifiable, but also due to the fact that it aimed to establish a socio-economic equilibrium and an equitable society where each citizen would have the opportunity to flourish. Another interesting problem the nation faces is that when it is compared to other countries it is invariably compared to nations with drug, mafia, and terrorist problems. While it is true that Bangladesh a huge population, with high unemployment rates, and increasing price inflation, often comparing it to failed or a semi-failed states does not do it justice. The weak status continued till the nineties. Then even Transparency International started ranking us as one of the most corrupt countries in the world. However, the nation’s image started improving post-2000 as did its performance indicators. The major indicators for socio-economic growth include: improvement in health status, increasing literacy, progress in gender balance, enhancement of employment opportunities, building transport and communications facilities, huge increases in media reach amongst rural and urban people, booming ITC businesses, a rise in remittance and agricultural, industrial, and ready-made garments (RMG) booms. In 2006, our global image increased exponentially with Prof. Yunus and Grameen Bank winning the Nobel Peace Prize. That put Bangladesh in a strong position, globally and we cannot let that slip. Therefore, it has become imperative to develop a nation branding campaign to keep us in the global limelight for the right reasons. While branding Bangladesh, the brand strategists must consider two key basic objectives: Firstly, it is crucial to instill pride in Bangladeshis and to persuade our people to be positive and feel dignified about themselves and for their country. The success of the nation branding program strongly depends on their active participation, ownership, and support. They should be proud of their country, culture, and heritage. Secondly, the government should come up with an aggressive but distinct nation branding campaign immediately, it is essential for our progress. Countries like India, Thailand, China, Malaysia, etc started similar branding journeys more than a decade ago and should not lag too far behind. We need a forceful branding campaign for our country so that we can emerge as an Asian Tiger by 2021; which will also mark the 50th year of our independence. Dr. Khalid Hasan  is Managing Director, Nielsen Bangladesh and Treasurer AmCham Bangladesh. Acknowledgement: AmCham Bangladesh. Brand Dimensions of Bangladesh Anholt is recognized for Anholt-GfK Nation Brand Index (NBI), and it is based on the same six categories to measure the global perception of a country. The brand of a country is judged based of the six dimensions. In case of branding Bangladesh we might focus on these dimensions and create brand image for Bangladesh. Fig: The Six Dimensions of a national branding Dimension 1: Tourism Tourism is one of the most visible aspects of a country brand because it receives considerable financial support from governments, and is therefore the main marketing tool at the national level. It is a major economic driver through employment, international visitor expenditures, investments, and regional development. Bangladesh Tourism Board has adopted different policies and strategies to promote and champion Bangladesh. It includes brand taglines like â€Å"Beautiful Bangladesh. † Dimension 2: Export brands There is a constant struggle to increase share of exports within the global market. In order to attain this purpose, the quality of exported products or services has to be superior to that of competitors. Export brands represent an important mark for Bangladesh. An increase in exports can raise the self-esteem of a country, which in turn boosts self-confidence and further success. Ten years ago, as a country Bangladesh was little known across the Globe. Today, most of the countries label as the country of high quality garments product and this is mainly due to the performance of our garments industry. Dimension 3: Investments All countries, be they developing or developed, are now striving for an investment-friendly image. Country brand, and everything that it stands for, has a lot to say when it comes to attracting foreign direct investments. In case of Bangladesh it is very good for us that a large number of investors are coming in different sectors. Dimension 4: Foreign and domestic policies. Nations are also judged in accordance with the foreign and domestic policies that their leaders initiate. Foreign and domestic policies must be coordinated so that they would invigorate the national brand. As a country we have to increase the ability to meet the residents’ needs for health, education, human rights, political participation more effectively. Dimension 5: People It is worth mentioning that the branding of a country must start from inside because a country’s brand is most frequently promoted by its people. In 2006, our global image increased exponentially with Prof. Yunus and Grameen Bank winning the Nobel Peace Prize. That put Bangladesh in a strong position, globally and we cannot let that slip. Beside, Sakib-al-hasan, a Bangladeshi cricketer also increases the brand image of our country holding number one position in ICC Cricket ranking. Joining the mission of UN, Bangladesh Army has created a new dimension for Bangladesh and it is obviously a good sign for our country Dimension 6: Culture and Heritage Last but not least, one should not overlook the cultural dimension of a country brand. Culture penetrates all areas of life, including all scientific endeavors. For this reason, culture has turned into the ultimate reference point, a conventionally accepted solution to all problematic questions. Strategies for branding Bangladesh We should take on a more conscious effort in branding country because country images draw out identifications, affect evaluations and purchase decisions. Additionally, countries compete for tourists, foreign investments and talented people. Let us look at this figure- Setting objectives: Branding Bangladesh we have to set clear and distinctive objectives that will help us to accomplish the different task most effectively. Different objectives might be: ? To be a Middle Income Country (MIC) ? 30th largest economy ? Per capita us dollar 6000 ? Economic goal †¢ Agro and labor intensive industry †¢ GDP growth to 10% †¢ Environmental protection Transportation and ship building hub. Performing SWOT analysis: Performing a SWOT analysis for nations is an idea that has been promoted by many others. In his book The Marketing of Nations, Philip Kotler (1997) confirmed the idea that each nation must assess its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) periodically in its five areas of capability: †¢ Government leadership; †¢ Factor endowments; †¢ Industrial organization; †¢ Social cohesion; †¢ Culture, attitudes and values. Based on the guidelines we might perform an effective SWOT analysis that will help to figure out our own most effectively and define the country’s objectives. S- Strength |W- Weakness | | | | |Potential Growth economics, |Lack of Coordination among different groups, | |Successfully meeting the millennium development goal. |Lack of coordination between corporate and country co branding, | | |Insufficient budget. | | | | | | |O- Opportunity |T- Threat | | | | |Positive sovereign credit achieved, |Corruption, | |Making agreement with different countries. |Political instability. | | | | Choosing a Specific direction for distinctive branding For distinctive branding we might choose a specific direction from industries, personalities, natural landmarks or historica l events. This process will help create brand image more effectively. Expanding upon an Umbrella concept: Expanding upon an umbrella concept will help to cover separate branding activities with consistency. Different branding activities will be coordinated through an umbrella concept. Consulting with opinion leaders to look at national strengths and weaknesses and compare those with the research we might do create this concept. Allocating adequate funds to finance each branding activities: To create a successful brand image and create a greater impact regarding brand adequate fund is necessary and concerning people should handle the matter with kin interest Creating Export Control: Creating export controls to ensure exported products are trustworthy and meeting the affirmed performance is necessary for branding Bangladesh. We have good will in foreign market in case of exporting garments products but sometimes it has been seen that due to some reasons our country is branded negatively and to avoid this we need to control export market. Maintaining balance between promise and performance: We will have to be very careful to maintain balance between the promise and performance. Sometimes it has been seen that we can’t afford quality service for the promising things e. g sometimes foreigners come to our country to enjoy heritage sides but due to transportation facility and accommodation facility they don’t get expected performance. This point is the main thing to create a positive brand image for Bangladesh. Performing Activities on a regular basis: Creating positive brand image different campaigns are needed. But we have to keep in mind that these campaigns should be taken consistently and thinking the vision and long run interest of the country. Creating strategy and Working out program to make the strategy tangible through improvement programs, campaigns are important to reinforce the past campaign. Making all the members interactive: Ensuring the cooperation and involvement of representatives of government, business, the arts, education and importantly the media we can make a fruitful effect for Bangladesh. In recent years the growth of Media sectors has constantly drawn our attention and the media might play a crucial role to brand Bangladesh. It is necessary to mobilize all those available forces of politicians, business people, artists, sportsmen and scientists to create a strategy for enhancing the image and reputation of Bangladesh on the international markets, i. e. for creating the national branding strategy. Country and Corporate Brands Co-positioning The concept of countries as brands has been increasingly recognized in the post-modern global world. A strong country brand can provide corporate brands with a unique set of values, which supports their positioning on the international market. Simultaneously, once corporate brands achieve worldwide success, they contribute actively to developing new features of the country brand. A nation’s image can provide competitive advantage to its company/product/service brands. Until and unless Bangladesh has some international brands it will be very difficult to create good brand image for Bangladesh. Consider Finland, a country which was outside the global arena ten years ago, and therefore little known. Today, we label it as the country of high-tech mobile phone technology, and this is mainly due to Nokia’s performance. In Bangladeshi context there are some brands (Square, Walton etc) so the overnment should coordinate to development of the company and in the mean time these companies should take initiatives for the country branding Besides that we might consider the task of Prothom Alo and Airtel Company, who jointly arrange the design of the largest â€Å"Alpona† at Manik Mia Avenue and thus made a new dime nsion for themselves as well as create a good image for Bangladesh in the world. Findings at a glance: ? It is now more critical than ever to create a unique identity for destination because it is now more competitive for survival in the global market. ? Limited budget and little management control create obstacles on the way of creating good brand image for Bangladesh. Political pressures, External environment factors such as economic downturn, natural disasters and pandemics can affect the process of branding Bangladesh. ? A major challenge for Bangladesh is that when the tourists’ visit the destination and found the reality does not match the projected image from the pre-trip information gathered prior to trip, the gap will lead to disappointment and they will become brand terrorists. This would lead to low repeat visitation and damage the brand image indirectly. ? Local governors and mayors have different objectives to promote their own region and cities rather than the n ation. ? Failure of government to control the flow of information through the Internet that shapes the national image. We need to conduct research among the people of Bangladesh, covering different segments, to understand their views and expectations. This will help in understanding the pulse of the nation and giving ownership to everyone, thus, satisfying different target audiences, different needs, and different institutions. The research should be conducted both internally (to understand the country’s socio-economic situation) and externally (global research among the investors and tourists). The findings will help develop a strategic plan on the nation-branding campaign; ? Concerned groups should make regular promotional activities to brand this country; The tourism sector of should be taken under focus to increase international brand value of Bangladesh by capturing large number of tourists; ? Both the government firms and Multinational Firms need to make attention to in crease the international brand value of Bangladesh; ? The key focus should be on the six dimensions which are mentioned earlier in the assignment to make our country value stronger. Country branding is not about constructing slogans. Country branding involves planned communication management and purposeful social engineering. Branding is no longer a choice but a necessity, and the branding is not a function to be performed solely by the state or individual corporations, but an integrative and concerted effort by all concerned stakeholders. If a country is effectively branded â€Å"soft power† can be engendered giving that country vast competitive advantage. However, only few developing countries have articulated and implemented a country branding strategy. The notion of an umbrella country brand inspiring, guiding and feeding commercial brands is a compelling one. Branding of developing countries could unleash a sustainable wealth creation behavior which will greatly help these poor countries break out of their poverty cycle. There is now an opportunity for developing countries to close this gap by turning their attention to employ professionalism in country branding. Books:- ? Kevin Lane Keller (2012-2013), Strategic Brand Management,3rd edition. Philip Kotler, Nation Branding 1997. Publications:- ? Mathias Akotia, CEO – Brand Ghana Office Accra, Ghana,† Country Branding: Promoting Investment, Tourism and Exports through Country Communication Management and Social Engineering†. ? Dr. Khalid H asan, Managing Director, Nielsen Bangladesh and Treasurer AmCham Bangladesh. Acknowledgement: AmCham Bangladesh, â€Å"Nation Branding†. Websites:- ? http://www. bangladeshbrandforum. com ? http://www. thedailystar. net ? http://www. tourismboard. gov. bd ? http://www. interbrand. com ———THE END——— ———————– Letter of Transmittal :- Executive Summary PART: A Preamble Objectives Methodology Limitations PART: B Literature Review PART: C Findings Export Brands Tourism Country Brand Investment People Foreign and Domestic polices Culture and Heritage Setting Objectives Step-1 Performing SWOT Analysis Step-2 Expanding upon an Umbrella concept Step-4 Choosing a Specific direction for distinctive branding Step-3 Strategies of Branding Bangladesh Creating Export Control Step-5 Making all the members interactive Step-9 Allocating adequate funds to finance each branding activities Step-6 Maintaining balance between promise and performance Step-7 Performing Activities on a regular basis Step-8 PART: D Recommendation Conclusion References Read also: Padma Bridge

Ayurvedic Medicine Used as Alternative Therapy in Modern Medicine Essay

Ayurvedic Medicine Used as Alternative Therapy in Modern Medicine - Essay Example This was traditional medicine to treat fever, cough and diarrhea. People were encouraged to suppress natural urges which was considered as unhealthy by moderating the amount and quantity of food intake, sleep and sexual intercourses to ensure healthy body at all times. Gregory (2004) states that alternative medicine refers to treatment of diseases using methods such as massage therapy or herbal use. This practice is being highly appreciated by learning institutions who teach about it. Importance Frawley and Ranade (2001) states that herbal method as one of the alternative method has been well embraced by many communities in the world hence rendering the use of Ayurvedic medicine easy and of great importance. People consider this method efficient since it is less costly and also has few side effects. This method also have seem to treat a variety of diseases which lead people to prefer using it since he will only require one drug to heal so many diseases. This alternative is readily av ailable since most of these herbs are found free of charge in the forests and other bushy areas within the society. This method has been considered to be less demanding because it does not require highly qualified personnel to administer the medicine. This method is also effective since it is not selective with the age bracket hence can be used by all people within the community. Unlike the artificial drugs these medicines do not lead to very adverse side effects. It does not have the time limits hence one can use it as long as he wants. This therapeutic method is easily acceptable to be used by people because it is mostly orally administered which is the most preferred method. This method can not react while using other methods hence gives it another advantage of it to be considered above the other method. This method is reliable since one can get it from various places. Frawley and Ranade (2001) argues that this method is used even by the illiterate people in the society since the instructions given are clear and simple to be understood hence very low cases of overdosing. Since this method is given by people who are locals in the community the patients respect the instructions given no deviations since there is sense of belonging. At times there is reinforcement of this method by the religious people and other important people in the society hence the patients look forward to embrace this method to the fullest. Lad (2012) says that Ayurvedic medicine does not demand one to go to hospital for the treatment he can get the treatment while at home. Diagnosis According to Lad (2012) the patient who was recommended for use of this drug was to be carefully examined and undergo through various diagnosis procedures using all body senses by the health profession administering the drug; since each component of the body had the ability to influence others either negatively or positively. This aspect was to be carefully considered during the drug diagnosis and therapy. V arious things were to be checked such as the body composition, any disorder, body stability and all other body systemic functions. The systemic composition and functioning was checked so that to prevent any adverse side effect that would arise while on medication. The body was to be considered compatible to the drug for one to be in a position to use the drug. There were various criteria that were

Hanson was hailed as an example of how the effective use of management Essay - 1

Hanson was hailed as an example of how the effective use of management resources can lead to success. Explain the growth of Hanson highlighting both internal an - Essay Example and as a result gain above average earnings and returns, this strategy states that the firm has to first identify the potential resources that will lead to growth, the next step is to evaluate these resources on whether they are valuable, rare, the ability to control these resources and whether the resources can gain value in the future. According to this strategy the firm will select an attractive industry to invest where the firm will have the opportunity to fully exploit its resources. The firm will also have to be capable of integrating their resource to perform tasks which will help the firm gain competitive advantage over its rivals. Chandler (1960) introduced the strategy and structure theory which stated that organisations were the agents of the industry, for this reason therefore the organisations determined industrial transformation, according to this theory the market mechanism is replaced by the enterprises which allocate resources and coordinate activities, in his view the invisible hand in the market is replaced by the visible hand of management. This strategy also states that the organisation moves from an unmanaged form of organisation to a managed form of organisation and for this reason management becomes a source of power to the organisation because management ensures continuous growth. Hanson stated that his management skills could be applied to any industry in the economy, his growth strategy was based on a number of objectives and strategy which can be referred to as conglomerate strategy, he chose companies were located in the US or in the UK. After acquiring these companies Hanson would reorganise the company to achieve high levels of earnings and the company would gain value, after the organisation gained value he would sell the company at a higher price than he acquired it. When the company was acquired he would undertake strategies that would oversee the growth of the organisation, the growth of the organisation was made possible by

Perkin Warbeck Essay Example for Free

Perkin Warbeck Essay Explain why Perkin Warbeck remained a threat to the security of Henry VII for so many years. Perkin Warbeck was the second Yorkist pretender to the English throne after Lambert Simnel was defeated at the Battle of Stoke in 1487. Between the years 1491-99, he posed a significantly destabilising threat to Henry VII in dynastic terms, impersonating Richard of York, the younger son of Edward IV. The successes of Warbeck, which led him to remain a threat to the Kings security, may be largely categorised into the support from foreign powers during this period and discontent existing in England due to Henrys methods of ruling with relation to sustaining an authoritative and respected status both within his own country and abroad. Whilst it is possible to challenge such a concept of a threat, Warbeck was eventually executed in November 1499, demonstrating in a modern context that the Kings perception of this pretender was one of great concern for his position. Steven Gunn has suggested that Henry was a usurper and carried with him the problems of this title. Upon taking the English throne, it was inevitable that Henry would face opposition to his rule, particularly in consideration of his lack of familiarity with English politics and those supporters of the Yorkist claim. With the knowledge that Richard III intended John de la Pole to inherit the crown and having already fought at the Battle of Stoke to secure his position, it would seem almost equally likely that Henry would be a paranoid character by the time that Perkin Warbeck came to attention, and he could not predetermine the reactions of the De la Pole family, who were largely responsible for the pretenders. It is significant not only that Warbeck was the second embodiment of discontent within Henrys reign, but also that political unsettlement had been apparent under his predecessor also a usurper. Henry is likely to have feared reaching the same fate as Richard III, whose reign had been plagued with suspicions surrounding the Princes in the Tower controversy and indeed, the dating of his coronation to appear three days before his victory at Bosworth suggests paranoia existing even before his rule. Thus Warbeck is best viewed in one sense as a non-military threat, being an encouragement of this paranoia through the exploitation of Henrys potentially weak position. He reminded the King of the existence of dissatisfaction within his own country and later among foreign powers. The princes had never been seen again and were presumed murdered by their uncle, Richard III. In this way, there was an immediate simplicity for Warbeck to exploit the lack of clarification as to what had happened to them. Whereas Lambert Simnels claim was flawed in that Henry was able to parade the true Earl of Warwick through London during the crisis, Warbeck was imitating Edward IVs younger son, Richard of York. Hence this crisis was much more serious, for Henry was unable to prove the existence of the true Richard and if Warbeck truly was the prince he impersonated, his claim to the English throne would have been superior to that of Henry. The threat of Warbeck was enlarged by the context in which it occurred those behind the pretender were able to follow a potentially fatal method by which Henrys position could be destabilised. In order to ascertain why any pretender to the throne would become a prolonged threat, the nature of the monarchs rule must be evaluated. The view of Steven Gunn could be expanded upon to maintain that Henrys rule naturally had characteristics of that of a usurper: unlike a hereditary monarch, he required more stringent methods of discipline to enforce his position as a ruler. In addition to passing attainders against those involved with the pretenders (Edmund de la Pole was fined à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5000 to inherit some of his brothers lands and never inherited the dukedom of Suffolk for his involvement with Simnel) Empson and Dudley greatly assisted in coordinating the increased use of bonds and recognisances against subjects. Then in 1497, Perkin Warbecks forces rallied the rebels during the second Cornish Rising in protest against raised taxes to support the invasion of Scotland and together, they nearly took the city of Exeter. In this way, it can be observed that Warbeck becoming a threat was in a paradoxical sense Henry needed to use more powerful methods of rule to secure his own position and dynasty than an ordinary monarch due to his status, though the discontent which such methods brought about led to resentful individuals turning to the diversion of Warbeck. Threats in military terms from Perkin Warbeck during this period may be largely attributed to foreign support. Indeed, Warbeck potentially had concern also from nobility such as Sir William Stanley, as Margaret of Burgundy, sister of Edward IV, proclaimed him as her long-lost nephew. The role of France was crucial in causing Warbeck to remain a threat to the security of Henrys position. In 1491, he moved to the French court and was treated similarly to a prince by Charles VIII, which illustrated to Henry a possibility of an invasion the French had funded his own invasion of England in 1485 to overthrow Richard III, and the case could potentially have been that this claimant was genuine. The threat was heightened by Charles discontent in 1492 after Henrys assistance of the Duchess of Brittany in an attempt to retain her independence from France, whilst the 1489 Treaty of Medina del Campo with Spain led the French to encourage James IV of Scotland to invade England. It was Henrys invasion of France in 1492 which appeared to be a very drastic action with regard to this pretender it was clear that with foreign military backing, his position could be significantly threatened. However, in this respect, it must be noted that the threat was not Warbeck as an individual, but rather the concept of the proceedings and those supporting him. He became a focus for French discontent with Henry VII in the same way that he had been a Yorkist focus in England. A prolonged threat from any pretender to any throne can always be attributed to discontent with a monarchs rule. Conformingly, Perkin Warbeck was often able to exploit this to enlist support and increase opposition to the King. It is clear that the level of foreign support given to the pretender ultimately was the greatest contributing factor in threatening Henrys security due to the possibility of a successful invasion, though the paranoia and the methods of rule enlisted to secure his dynasty were equal factors in causing Warbeck to remain a threat. In contrast, it is very significant that Warbeck was never a primary threat as an individual, but merely a strong secondary threat behind the foreign powers and nobility that supported him it was the concept that destabilised the position of Henry VII.